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Inspiratory Muscle Glycemic Threshold in COPD: Functional and Clinical Associations in Incremental Testing
(2025) SILVA, Wasly S.; AIDAR, Felipe J.; BADICU, Georgian; ANDRADE, Juliana D.; SÁ, Patricia F.; B. NETO, José; ARDIGO, Luca Paolo; PETTO, Jefferson
It is known that COPD is multifactorial and reduces the function of several body systems; however, its impact on inspiratory muscle metabolism and its possible clinical implications and for inspiratory muscle training are still unclear. Furthermore, the use of the glycemic threshold (GT) of inspiratory muscles as a viable and clinically useful metabolic measure in COPD is not yet addressed in the literature. This study aimed to verify whether there is an association between the GT of inspiratory muscles with Borg, functional capacity (FC) and cardiovascular autonomic balance in COPD. Included patients with COPD under outpatient follow-up and evaluated them using incremental inspiratory muscle testing (IIMT), six-minute walk test (6MWT), and heart rate variability (HRV).
The GT of inspiratory muscles was strongly associated with Borg in the IIMT. The strength endurance and aerobic capacity of inspiratory muscles demonstrated by the exhaustion point (EP) and delta GT/EP showed a strong inverse correlation with the cardiovascular autonomic balance demonstrated by the LF/HF ratio. Delta GT/EP also showed an inverse correlation with dyspnea by the mMRC scale and with the final Borg in the 6MWT. The study concluded that the GT and EP of the inspiratory muscles are strongly associated with Borg in individuals with COPD. Furthermore, the aerobic capacity of the inspiratory muscles was strongly associated with dyspnea on exertion and cardiovascular autonomic balance.
Comparison Between Two Prevention and Control Programs for Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in an Oil Company
(2025) ROCHA, Maria Lúcia Ribeiro; LADEIA, Ana Marice Teixeira
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the world, and companies can implement prevention and control actions aimed at reducing risk factors among their workers.
Objectives: To verify whether the result of model A of a CVD prevention and control program was superior to model B in reducing the cardiovascular risk (CVR) of individuals from an oil company.
Methods: Retrospective evaluation of secondary data from a restricted and fixed cohort of 670 workers, from 01/01/2016 to 12/31/2018. The workers were divided by program model into Group A (514) and Group B (156). The 2016 CVR was compared with that of 2018, within and between groups, as well as the mean and prevalence of risk factors for CVD. Statistical analysis was set at a significance level of 5%.
Results: Group A improved the level of physical activity (PAL), consumption of fruits and vegetables, and consumption of alcohol, but the “high” CVR increased from 0.4% in 2016 to 1.4% in 2018 (p<0.01). In Group B there was no change in the workers’ health profile, but the percentage of individuals with “intermediate” CVR increased from 14.1% to 16.7% (p=0.01).
Conclusions: The actions developed by the company had a positive impact on the way of life of workers covered by the model A program; however, they were not sufficient to reduce CVR in this group.
HTLV-1 and Pregnancy: A Retrospective Study of Maternal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in an Endemic Region of Brazil
(2025) FREIRE, Jacielma de Oliveira; RODRIGUES, Maria Aparecida Figueredo; SILVA, Greice Carolina Santos da; CARDOSO, Hugo Saba Pereira; ARAÚJO, Marcio Luis Valença; NASCIMENTO FILHO, Aloísio Santos; SANTOS, Briena Rodrigues; ALMEIDA, Maria da Conceição Chagas de; GALVÃO-CASTRO, Bernardo; GRASSI, Maria Fernanda Rios
Abstract: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection poses significant challenges to maternal and neonatal health, particularly in endemic regions. Vertical transmission, which occurs most commonly through prolonged breastfeeding and rarely during pregnancy, or childbirth, perpetuates the virus within families. This observational, retrospective study analyzed HTLV-1-infected and uninfected pregnant women admitted for delivery at a university maternity hospital in Salvador, Brazil (2020–2022). Medical records provided sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory data. The HTLV-1 infection rate was
4.61 per 1000 deliveries. The sociodemographic characteristics were similar between infected (n = 17) and uninfected (n = 34) women. HTLV-1-positive women had higher rates of unplanned and undesired pregnancies. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were frequent in both groups (94.1% vs. 91.2%), but metabolic disorders and hypertension/eclampsia were more common among the infected women. Preterm birth and postpartum complications were also more frequent (17.6% vs. 5.9%, respectively), although the difference was not statistically significant. Breastfeeding initiation within the first hours of life was lower
among exposed newborns (28.6% vs. 70%; p = 0.013). Neonatal characteristics did not differ significantly between the groups. These findings highlight critical gaps in reproductive health awareness and barriers to accessing preventive interventions. Further research on therapeutic strategies is urgently needed to support theWorld Health Organization’s (WHO) goal of eliminating HTLV-1 vertical transmission by 2030.
Assessment of overweight/obesity and elevation of blood pressure in schools in rural and urban area in the backlands of Bahia
(2025) LOPES, Andressa; VALOIS, Ana Luisa Vaz; LISBOA, Hanna Louise de Almeida; GOMES, Alexvon Nunes; LAGO, Renata; MENEZES, Camilla Almeida; LADEIA, Ana Marice Teixeira
Background: Childhood and adolescent obesity has been increasing, particularly in countries with greater social vulnerability. Given this context, assessing schoolchildren from Bahia’s backlands — a region known for its low-income population — is essential. Objective: To assess the frequency of overweight and obesity and their association with high blood pressure (BP) in children from urban and rural areas in four municipalities in the backlands of Bahia. Methods: This study is part of a project evaluating the impact of a school meal intervention on the health of children and adolescents in Bahia’s backlands. A subset of children aged five to ten from public schools in both rural and urban areas of four cities in Bahia’s backlands was selected through random and proportional sampling. The participants had their weight, height, waist circumference and BP measured using standardized protocols. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was expressed as a z-score to determine nutritional status. The Student’s t-test and Chi-square tests were used, with 5% statistical significance. Results: The sample consisted of 461 students, 264 (57.3%) from urban areas and 238 (51.6%) males. The prevalence of overweight was 27.9%, and that of increased waist circumference was 7.4%. High BP or hypertension had a prevalence of 8%. A significant difference (p = 0.049) was observed between rural and urban areas in relation to the increased waist circumference. Conclusion: The research revealed a high frequency of overweight, increased waist circumference and systemic BP in students, mainly those from urban areas.